Acute Renal Failure Treatment in Mira Bhayandar

Acute Renal Failure

Acute Renal Failure (ARF), also known as Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), is characterized by a rapid decline in kidney function, leading to the accumulation of waste products and imbalance of fluids and electrolytes in the body. It can occur within a few hours to days and may range from mild dysfunction to severe kidney failure.

Symptoms

The symptoms of ARF can vary widely depending on the severity and underlying cause. Common symptoms include:

Oliguria or Anuria:: Reduced urine output or complete lack of urine.

Edema: Swelling, especially in the legs, ankles, and around the eyes.

Fatigue: General feeling of tiredness and weakness.

Shortness of Breath: Due to fluid overload.

Nausea and Vomiting: Resulting from the accumulation of waste products.

Confusion: Altered mental status due to electrolyte imbalances.

Chest Pain: If fluid overload affects the heart or lungs.

Seizures or Coma: In severe cases.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing ARF involves several tests and evaluations to determine the cause and extent of kidney damage:

Blood Tests: To measure levels of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), electrolytes, and other markers of kidney function.

Urinalysis: To check for the presence of blood, protein, and other abnormalities in the urine.

Imaging Studies: Ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI to visualize the kidneys and detect obstructions or structural abnormalities.

Kidney Biopsy: In some cases, a biopsy may be necessary to identify the exact nature of the kidney damage.

Treatment

Treatment of ARF focuses on addressing the underlying cause, supporting kidney function, and managing complications:

Fluid Management: Careful administration of intravenous fluids to correct dehydration or, conversely, diuretics to manage fluid overload.

Medications: To treat underlying infections, control blood pressure, and manage electrolyte imbalances.

Dialysis: Temporary dialysis may be required to remove waste products and excess fluids if the kidneys are not functioning adequately.

Avoiding Nephrotoxic Agents: Discontinuing or adjusting medications that can further damage the kidneys.

Dr. Virendra Chauhan

MBBS, DNB Medicine, DrNB Nephrology