Glomerular Diseases
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Glomerular Diseases
Symptoms
Hematuria: Blood in the urine, which may be visible (gross hematuria) or detected only under a microscope (microscopic hematuria).
Proteinuria: Excessive protein in the urine.
Edema: Swelling in the legs, ankles, feet, and around the eyes.
Hypertension: High blood pressure.
Fatigue: Feeling tired or weak.
Foamy Urine: : Due to the presence of protein.
Diagnosis
Blood Tests: To measure kidney function (creatinine and urea levels), electrolytes, and other relevant parameters.
Urine Tests: To detect protein, blood, or abnormalities in the urine.
Imaging Tests: Ultrasound or CT scan to visualize the kidneys.
Kidney Biopsy: A sample of kidney tissue examined under a microscope to determine the specific type of glomerular disease and the extent of damage.
Treatment
Immunosuppressants: To reduce inflammation and immune response.
Corticosteroids: To decrease inflammation.
Blood Pressure Medications: ACE inhibitors or ARBs to control hypertension and reduce proteinuria.
Dietary Changes: Low-sodium, low-protein, and low-potassium diet as recommended.
Exercise: Regular physical activity to maintain overall health.
Smoking Cessation: To reduce the risk of further kidney damage.
In cases where the disease progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), dialysis or kidney transplantation may be necessary.
Early diagnosis and treatment of glomerular diseases are crucial to preventing progression to chronic kidney disease and maintaining kidney function.