Peritoneal Dialysis
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Peritoneal Dialysis
Purpose
Peritoneal dialysis is used to perform the functions of the kidneys when they are no longer able to adequately filter the blood. It helps maintain proper electrolyte balance and remove toxins from the body.
Procedure
Unlike hemodialysis, which involves using an external dialysis machine, peritoneal dialysis uses the body's peritoneum as a dialyzing membrane. The process involves the following steps:
Process
Unlike hemodialysis, which involves using an external dialysis machine, peritoneal dialysis uses the body's peritoneum as a dialyzing membrane. The process involves the following steps:
A sterile dialysis solution (dialysate), which contains dextrose (sugar) and electrolytes, is infused into the peritoneal cavity through the catheter.
The dialysate solution draws waste products and excess fluid from the blood vessels lining the peritoneal cavity into the solution.
After a dwell time (dwell phase), during which the waste products are removed, the used dialysate is drained from the abdomen through the catheter.
Fresh dialysate is then infused, and the process repeats several times throughout the day and night (continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis) or during sleep (automated peritoneal dialysis).
Types
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD): Patients manually exchange dialysate several times a day, allowing for mobility and flexibility in daily activities.
Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD): Uses a machine (cycler) to perform exchanges automatically during sleep, offering more independence during the day.
Peritoneal dialysis is a viable alternative to hemodialysis for many patients with kidney failure, offering flexibility and the possibility of home-based treatment, though the choice between peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis depends on various factors, including medical condition, lifestyle preferences, and medical guidance.